Kramers theory part 2

1. is not simply a repudiation of modernism or its continuation, but has aspects of both a break and an extension
2. is, on some level and in some way, ironic
3. does not respect boundaries between sonorities and procedures of the past and of the present
4. challenges barriers between 'high' and 'low' styles
5. shows disdain for the often unquestioned value of structural unity
6. questions the mutual exclusivity of elitist and populist values
7. avoids totalizing forms (e.g., does not want entire pieces to be tonal or serial or cast in a prescribed formal mold)
8. considers music not as autonomous but as relevant to cultural, social, and political contexts
9. includes quotations of or references to music of many traditions and cultures
10. considers technology not only as a way to preserve and transmit music but also as deeply implicated in the production and essence of music
11. embraces contradictions
12. distrusts binary oppositions
13. includes fragmentations and discontinuities
14. encompasses pluralism and eclecticism
15. presents multiple meanings and multiple temporalities
16. locates meaning and even structure in listeners, more than in scores, performances, or composers

1.

2. This is where the creator of the music leaves mocking humour somewhere in the song and they are playing with the perceptions of music, Timberland would be an example of this with the monkey screaming, birds tweeting and baby crying, another example would be in Eminem’s stay wide awake as there is a sound of a chain saw half way through.

3.

4. The high style will be classical and then the low style would pop. And a song would challenge these barriers by something like a modern pop/r ’n’ b song with a backing sound of classical music such as Kanye West, beastie boys

5. This is music that is just one genre with no intertextuality and an example of this would be rock just being rock

6. Elitist = classical and populist = pop music, this is to get an elitist track such as opera or Elvis Presley and then add a sweet tune onto of the original tune to make it more main stream such as Dan Black symphonies

7.

8. Autonomous (a part), just music – this includes political, social and cultural music such as charity singles, MIA, Lady Ga-Ga. à diamonds from Ceria-Leone (this is about blood diamonds) and makes it a protest song

9. This is taking music from other cultures and other songs and an example of this would be Kanye West – Drunken hot girls (US R ‘n’ B/hip hop song) being a copy of Kraut rock – can, swing, swan song (German song)

10. This is when technology is used in a live performance or recordings to create a song by using auto tuning or cooping sounds and an example of this would be DJ shadow, Katie Tunstal, Imogene Heap - just for now

11. 77 boa drums

12.

13. This is a clever use of sampling such as the Black eyed peas, Vampire weekend or Dan Black

14.

15.

16. The meaning of the music is in us the audience rather than the song its self, the songs meaning is what we think of it e.g. walking on sunshine could be a sad song for the audience if it reminds them of someone close to them that has died and therefore the meaning has changed